Old Town Square (“Staroměstské náměstí” or familiarly “Staromák” in Czech), the oldest and historically most significant square in Prague, is according to many people one of the most beautiful European squares. Not only was it the venue of numerous dramatic historical events, but it is incredibly beautiful and charming. The Old Town Square is nowadays still Prague’s beating heart.

Located between Wenceslas Square and Charles Bridge and covering an area of over 9 thousand square metres, the Old Town Square is bordered by many interesting historical buildings and is definitely one of the top “must-see” places to visit when you travel to the Czech Republic. When you go there, reserve a lot of time, because there is so much to see and do at the square.

History and Facts

The Old Town Square is a remarkable venue where the history of Bohemian lands has often been written. In the 11th century, there was a market place, which grew gradually in significance until it became the most important in the country. The square used to be called “Big Square” (“Velké náměstí” in Czech) or “Old Marketplace” (“Staré tržiště”).

As we already mentioned, the Old Town Square has been the setting for many significant historical events. Let us mention some of the most important ones. In 1422 an uprising took place after Jan Želivský, a significant figure of the Hussite Reformation, was executed. In 1621, one of the most tragic events of the Czech uprising of the estates (the historical period of 1618-1620, during which the social class of estates fought against the Hapsburg reign) happened at the Old Town Square. As many as 27 leaders of the uprising were collectively executed, marking the tragic end of the liberation efforts. This mass execution of 27 Czech noblemen is also known as “the Old Town Square Execution” (“Staroměstská exekuce” in Czech).

In 1902, people were demonstrating for the implementation of universal suffrage at the Square, and yet another important event took place in 1918, when the folk demanded a declaration of independence from Austria-Hungary. After Vienna became the capital of the Austrian lands instead of Prague, the Old Town Square lost some of its significance, but after the beginning of an Independent Czechoslovak State in 1918, the square’s importance began to grow again.

Seasonal Markets

One of the most enchanting aspects of Old Town Square is its vibrant market scene, which brings the square to life throughout the year. Whether you’re visiting in spring, summer, autumn, or winter, you’ll likely encounter colorful stalls offering a variety of local products, crafts, and delicious treats.

Easter Markets

From late March to mid-April, the square transforms into a festive wonderland with beautifully decorated stalls selling hand-painted Easter eggs, traditional Czech crafts, and seasonal foods like mazanec (sweet Easter bread) and grilled sausages. Folk music performances and children’s workshops add to the lively atmosphere.

Christmas Markets

The Christmas Market at Old Town Square is world-famous and runs from late November through early January. The square sparkles with thousands of lights, a towering Christmas tree, and dozens of wooden huts selling ornaments, wooden toys, glassware, and local delicacies such as trdelník (chimney cake), mulled wine, and roasted chestnuts. Carolers and live performances create a magical holiday ambiance.

Other Markets and Events

Throughout the year, Old Town Square also hosts various themed markets and food festivals, including harvest markets, craft fairs, and occasional farmers’ markets. These events are perfect opportunities to sample regional cheeses, honey, pastries, and Czech beer, or to pick up unique souvenirs directly from local artisans.

Attractions & Sightseeing at the Old Town Square

Astronomical Clock

Prague’s Old Town Astronomical Clock, the world-famous technical miracle from the 15^th century, definitely belongs among the biggest “must-see” attractions not only in Prague, but perhaps the whole of Europe. Every year for over six centuries, hundreds of thousands of tourists from all over the world visit the Clock and patiently wait in the Old Town Square for its show to start.

For more information read our full article about the Astronomical Clock.

Old Town Hall

The Old Town Hall (“Staroměstská radnice” in Czech) belongs among the most noteworthy monuments of Prague, not least because of its above mentioned Astronomical Clock. The hall was founded as the first of its kind in the country in 1338, based on a privilege vested by John the Blind, the Count of Luxembourg and King of Bohemia (known as “Jan Lucemburský” in Czech), to the townsmen.

The oldest part of the complex, built in the Gothic style, consists of a beautiful tower with the Astronomical Clock. The Eastern Neo-Gothic wing of the Old Town Hall was destroyed during the Prague uprising in 1945. Visitors can see historical halls, the tower, and the underground premises. The Old Town Hall is also a very popular venue for weddings.

Churches

The Gothic Church of Our Lady before Týn (“Kostel Matky Boží před Týnem” or “Týnský chrám” in Czech) is one of Prague’s dominant viewpoints. It took almost two hundred years (from the 14^th to the 16^th century) to be built. The Church amazes with its beautiful, 80-metre high towers and a rich baroque interior. Nowadays, the cathedral serves as a gallery.

The Baroque St. Nicholas Church (“Kostel svatého Mikuláše”) was built between 1732 and 1737, in place of a Gothic church which burnt down. The remains of the former church can be found in the basement. The St. Nicholas Church attracts with its main marble altar, beautiful sculptural decoration of the access front, and the stucco decor created by Bernardo Spinetti.

Other Historical Buildings

Kinský Palace (“Palác Kinských” or “Palác Golz-Kinských” in Czech) is a significant historical Rococo building on the eastern side of the Old Town Square. It was built in the 18^th century and nowadays still amazes with its rich interior decoration and two monumental gates with pillars. The National Gallery placed some of its valuable collectibles in the Palace´s premises. Right next to the Kinský Palace, one can find the House at the stone bell (“Dům u kamenného zvonu”). The House is nowadays just a residue of the original building from the 14^th century. The Prague Gallery organizes various cultural events in the originally Gothic building, later reconstructed in the Baroque style – with the façade quite recently renewed in the original Gothic style.

Yet another precious historical sight of Prague can be found close to the Old Town Square. The history of Ungelt (or “Týn Courtyard” – “Týnský dvůr” in Czech) reaches back to the 12th century. Even though each house in the complex represents a different architectural style, the resulting general appearance is harmonic and also absolutely unique.

In the centre of the Old Town Square, the Jan Hus Memorial dominates, reminding all Prague residents and visitors of one of the most significant and world-renowned Czech historical figures. The memorial represents Jan Hus, a religious reformer, who was burned for his unshakable beliefs at the stake in Constance in 1415.

The secession bronze memorial was dedicated in 1915, on the 500 year anniversary of Master Jan Hus’ martyrdom. The statue was created by a prominent Czech sculptor called Ladislav Šaloun and is protected as a national cultural heritage. Jan Hus is displayed in the middle of other figures, proudly looking towards the Church of Our Lady before Týn, which used to be the centre of the Calixtins in his era.

Conclusion: A Crossroads of History

Old Town Square is more than just a picturesque plaza; it’s a crossroads of history, culture, and daily life. Here, you’ll find medieval churches, colorful baroque buildings, bustling cafes, and street performers, all set against the backdrop of Prague’s iconic skyline. The square is also the starting point for many city tours and a central location for festivals and public gatherings.

5 Honest Tips to Enjoy Old Town Square

1. Enjoy the View from the Old Town Hall Tower: Climb or take the elevator to the observation deck of the Old Town Hall Tower for breathtaking panoramic views of the entire city. Skip the line with priority tickets.
2. Experience the Astronomical Clock Show: Every hour from 9:00 AM to 11:00 PM, crowds gather in anticipation to watch the medieval clock’s unique mechanical performance. Arrive early to secure a good viewing spot.
3. Explore Traditional Markets: The square hosts Prague’s most famous seasonal markets. The Christmas market (late November to early January) and the Easter market (April) offer festive goods, traditional food, and local crafts.
4. Relax in the Cafés and Restaurants: Savor traditional Czech dishes such as svíčková or goulash in one of the charming cafés or restaurants around the square. Just stay away from the overpriced tourists traps. Our favourite coffee spots are Coffee Room, The Miners, and Cafe Ebel. For traditional Czech cousine go to Mincovna, for Italian go to Pasta Fresca, and to 420 for a high-class cousine.
5. Visit Museums and Galleries Nearby: Explore nearby attractions such as the Prague City Gallery, Kafka House, or the Illusion Art Museum Prague, all within a short walking distance.